Voice Over Internet Protocol Information

VoIP Calling Process

VoIP converts voice into data and sends the voice packets over the internet. The packet get mixed with other voice and data packets and are reassembled into voice by a telephone (endpoint) device. The results is a telephone call.

When an IP telephone require connection to a phone number on the PSTN a gateway is required. A user make a call to a specific number, the IP PBX routed the call to a gateway device where the number gets dialed into the PSTN like a normal phone call.

To control routing calls to and from endpoints there is an IP PBX. The IP PBX is the server that all of the endpoints are logged in to. When a smart endpoint want to make a call, the IP PBX will check to see if the opposite endpoint is available. If it is logged in and the called party will accept the call. Most of the features in an IP PBX reside in the endpoint as opposed to a traditional PBX where the features are in the central control unit.

VoIP (Packet Switching) Compared To Traditional Voice Telephony (Circuit Switching)

VoIP has become more and more popular due to the fact that it is a lot cheaper compare to traditional phone. On a per-bit basis, packet switching is more economical than circuit-switching because packet switching can put multiple streams of data onto a single channel.

For instance, with current algorithms whereby 16-20 Kbps can be reduced to as low as 6 Kbps per call, there is an asset utilization of 10:1 to the advantage of VoIP. A regular telephony switch will require a capital outlay of $20M but will provide 100,000 local access lines, translating to a unit cost of $200 per line. A VOIP system offering the same capacity would cost p to $2,000 per port.

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